Source code for django_ca.managers

# This file is part of django-ca (https://github.com/mathiasertl/django-ca).
#
# django-ca is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
# Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your
# option) any later version.
#
# django-ca is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
# implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
# for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with django-ca. If not, see
# <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

"""Django model managers."""


import pathlib
import typing
import warnings
from typing import Any, Dict, Generic, Iterable, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, TypeVar, Union

from cryptography import x509
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import ec
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import Encoding, PrivateFormat
from cryptography.x509.oid import AuthorityInformationAccessOID, ExtensionOID

from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from django.db import models
from django.urls import reverse

from django_ca import ca_settings, constants
from django_ca.deprecation import RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning, deprecate_argument, deprecate_type
from django_ca.extensions.utils import format_extensions, get_formatting_context
from django_ca.modelfields import LazyCertificateSigningRequest
from django_ca.openssh import SshHostCaExtension, SshUserCaExtension
from django_ca.profiles import Profile, profiles
from django_ca.signals import post_create_ca, post_issue_cert, pre_create_ca
from django_ca.typehints import (
    AllowedHashTypes,
    Expires,
    ExtensionMapping,
    ParsableKeyType,
    X509CertMixinTypeVar,
)
from django_ca.utils import (
    ca_storage,
    format_general_name,
    generate_private_key,
    get_cert_builder,
    parse_expires,
    parse_general_name,
    validate_hostname,
    validate_private_key_parameters,
    validate_public_key_parameters,
)

# https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/runtime_troubles.html
if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
    from django_ca.models import (
        AcmeAccount,
        AcmeAuthorization,
        AcmeCertificate,
        AcmeChallenge,
        AcmeOrder,
        Certificate,
        CertificateAuthority,
    )
    from django_ca.querysets import AcmeAccountQuerySet, CertificateAuthorityQuerySet, CertificateQuerySet

    AcmeAccountManagerBase = models.Manager[AcmeAccount]
    AcmeAuthorizationManagerBase = models.Manager[AcmeAuthorization]
    AcmeCertificateManagerBase = models.Manager[AcmeCertificate]
    AcmeChallengeManagerBase = models.Manager[AcmeChallenge]
    AcmeOrderManagerBase = models.Manager[AcmeOrder]
    CertificateAuthorityManagerBase = models.Manager[CertificateAuthority]
    CertificateManagerBase = models.Manager[Certificate]

    QuerySetTypeVar = TypeVar("QuerySetTypeVar", CertificateAuthorityQuerySet, CertificateQuerySet)
else:
    AcmeAccountManagerBase = (
        AcmeAuthorizationManagerBase
    ) = (
        AcmeCertificateManagerBase
    ) = (
        AcmeChallengeManagerBase
    ) = AcmeOrderManagerBase = CertificateAuthorityManagerBase = CertificateManagerBase = models.Manager
    QuerySetTypeVar = TypeVar("QuerySetTypeVar")


class CertificateManagerMixin(Generic[X509CertMixinTypeVar, QuerySetTypeVar]):
    """Mixin for model managers."""

    if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
        # django-stubs (mypy plugin for Django) currently typehints queryset methods as returning a manager,
        # and does not know about queryset methods coming from the queryset. We typehint basic queryset
        # methods here, so that mypy knows that returned objects are querysets.
        #
        # The type overrides are because of the return type, as mypy thinks they should return a manager.
        #
        # pylint: disable=missing-function-docstring,unused-argument; just defining stubs here

        def all(self) -> QuerySetTypeVar:
            ...

        def get_queryset(self) -> QuerySetTypeVar:
            ...

        def filter(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> QuerySetTypeVar:
            ...

        def exclude(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> QuerySetTypeVar:
            ...

        def order_by(self, *fields: str) -> QuerySetTypeVar:
            ...

        def get_by_serial_or_cn(self, identifier: str) -> X509CertMixinTypeVar:
            ...

        def valid(self) -> QuerySetTypeVar:
            ...

    def get_common_extensions(
        self, crl_url: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None
    ) -> List[Tuple[bool, Union[x509.CRLDistributionPoints, x509.AuthorityInformationAccess]]]:
        """Add extensions potentially common to both CAs and certs."""

        extensions: List[Tuple[bool, Union[x509.CRLDistributionPoints, x509.AuthorityInformationAccess]]] = []
        if crl_url:
            urls = [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier(c) for c in crl_url]
            dps = [
                x509.DistributionPoint(full_name=[c], relative_name=None, crl_issuer=None, reasons=None)
                for c in urls
            ]
            extensions.append((False, x509.CRLDistributionPoints(dps)))

        return extensions


class CertificateAuthorityManager(
    CertificateManagerMixin["CertificateAuthority", "CertificateAuthorityQuerySet"],
    CertificateAuthorityManagerBase,
):
    """Model manager for the CertificateAuthority model."""

    if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
        # See CertificateManagerMixin for description on this branch
        #
        # pylint: disable=missing-function-docstring; just defining stubs here

        def acme(self) -> "CertificateAuthorityQuerySet":
            ...

        def default(self) -> "CertificateAuthority":
            ...

        def disabled(self) -> "CertificateAuthorityQuerySet":
            ...

        def enabled(self) -> "CertificateAuthorityQuerySet":
            ...

        def invalid(self) -> "CertificateAuthorityQuerySet":
            ...

        def usable(self) -> "CertificateAuthorityQuerySet":
            ...

    def _get_formatting_context(self, serial: int, signer_serial: int) -> Dict[str, Union[int, str]]:
        context = get_formatting_context(serial, signer_serial)
        kwargs = {"serial": context["SIGNER_SERIAL_HEX"]}
        context["OCSP_PATH"] = reverse("django_ca:ocsp-ca-post", kwargs=kwargs).lstrip("/")
        context["CRL_PATH"] = reverse("django_ca:ca-crl", kwargs=kwargs).lstrip("/")
        return context

    def _handle_authority_information_access(
        self,
        extensions: ExtensionMapping,
        ca_issuer_url: Optional[Sequence[str]],
        ca_ocsp_url: Optional[Sequence[str]],
    ) -> None:
        access_descriptions: List[x509.AccessDescription] = []
        if ExtensionOID.AUTHORITY_INFORMATION_ACCESS in extensions:
            extension = typing.cast(
                x509.AuthorityInformationAccess, extensions[ExtensionOID.AUTHORITY_INFORMATION_ACCESS].value
            )
            access_descriptions = list(extension)

        has_ocsp = any(ad.access_method == AuthorityInformationAccessOID.OCSP for ad in access_descriptions)
        has_issuer = any(
            ad.access_method == AuthorityInformationAccessOID.CA_ISSUERS for ad in access_descriptions
        )

        if ca_issuer_url and has_issuer is False:
            access_descriptions += [
                x509.AccessDescription(
                    access_method=AuthorityInformationAccessOID.CA_ISSUERS,
                    access_location=parse_general_name(name),
                )
                for name in ca_issuer_url
            ]
        if ca_ocsp_url and has_ocsp is False:
            access_descriptions += [
                x509.AccessDescription(
                    access_method=AuthorityInformationAccessOID.OCSP, access_location=parse_general_name(name)
                )
                for name in ca_ocsp_url
            ]

        # Finally sort by OID so that we have more predictable behavior
        access_descriptions = sorted(access_descriptions, key=lambda ad: ad.access_method.dotted_string)

        if access_descriptions:
            extensions[ExtensionOID.AUTHORITY_INFORMATION_ACCESS] = x509.Extension(
                oid=ExtensionOID.AUTHORITY_INFORMATION_ACCESS,
                critical=False,
                value=x509.AuthorityInformationAccess(access_descriptions),
            )

[docs] @deprecate_argument("permitted_subtrees", RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning) @deprecate_argument("excluded_subtrees", RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning) @deprecate_argument("ca_issuer_url", RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning) @deprecate_argument("ca_crl_url", RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning) @deprecate_argument("ca_ocsp_url", RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning) @deprecate_type("ca_ocsp_url", str, RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning) @deprecate_type("ca_issuer_url", str, RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning) def init( self, name: str, subject: x509.Name, expires: Expires = None, algorithm: Optional[AllowedHashTypes] = None, parent: Optional["CertificateAuthority"] = None, default_hostname: Optional[Union[bool, str]] = None, path_length: Optional[int] = None, issuer_url: Optional[str] = None, issuer_alt_name: Optional[x509.Extension[x509.IssuerAlternativeName]] = None, crl_url: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None, ocsp_url: Optional[str] = None, ca_issuer_url: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None, ca_crl_url: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None, ca_ocsp_url: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None, permitted_subtrees: Optional[Iterable[x509.GeneralName]] = None, excluded_subtrees: Optional[Iterable[x509.GeneralName]] = None, password: Optional[Union[str, bytes]] = None, parent_password: Optional[Union[str, bytes]] = None, elliptic_curve: Optional[ec.EllipticCurve] = None, key_type: ParsableKeyType = "RSA", key_size: Optional[int] = None, extensions: Optional[Iterable[x509.Extension[x509.ExtensionType]]] = None, path: Union[pathlib.PurePath, str] = "ca", caa: str = "", website: str = "", terms_of_service: str = "", acme_enabled: bool = False, acme_requires_contact: bool = True, acme_profile: Optional[str] = None, openssh_ca: bool = False, ) -> "CertificateAuthority": """Create a new certificate authority. .. versionchanged:: 1.23.0 * The `ecc_curve` parameter was renamed to `elliptic_curve`. * Passing ``key_type="EdDSA"`` is deprecated, use ``key_type="Ed25519"`` instead. * Passing ``key_type="ECC"`` is deprecated, use ``key_type="EC"`` instead. .. versionchanged:: 1.24.0 * The `extra_extensions` parameter was renamed to `extensions`. * The `pathlen` parameter was renamed to `path_length`. * The `ca_issuer_url` and `ca_ocsp_url` parameters are now list of strings. Support for bare strings will be removed in ``django-ca==1.26.0``. .. versionchanged:: 1.25.0 * The `permitted_subtrees` and `excluded_subtrees` subtrees are deprecated and will be removed in ``django-ca==1.26.0``. Pass a :py:class:`~cg:cryptography.x509.NameConstraints` extension in `extensions` instead. Parameters ---------- name : str The name of the CA. This is a human-readable string and is used for administrative purposes only. subject : :py:class:`cg:cryptography.x509.Name` The desired subject for the certificate. expires : int or datetime or timedelta, optional When this certificate authority will expire, defaults to :ref:`CA_DEFAULT_EXPIRES <settings-ca-default-expires>`. algorithm : :py:class:`~cg:cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.HashAlgorithm`, optional Hash algorithm used when signing the certificate, defaults to :ref:`settings-ca-default-signature-hash-algorithm` for RSA/EC keys, and :ref:`settings-ca-default-dsa-signature-hash-algorithm` for DSA keys. Passing an algorithm for Ed448/Ed25519 keys is an error. parent : :py:class:`~django_ca.models.CertificateAuthority`, optional Parent certificate authority for the new CA. Passing this value makes the CA an intermediate authority. Let unset if this CA will be used for OpenSSH. default_hostname : str, optional Override the URL configured with :ref:`CA_DEFAULT_HOSTNAME <settings-ca-default-hostname>` with a different hostname. Set to ``False`` to disable the hostname. path_length : int, optional Value of the path length attribute for the Basic Constraints extension. issuer_url : str URL for the DER/ASN1 formatted certificate that is signing certificates. issuer_alt_name : :py:class:`~cg:cryptography.x509.Extension`, optional IssuerAlternativeName used when signing certificates. The value of the extension must be an :py:class:`~cg:cryptography.x509.IssuerAlternativeName` instance. crl_url : list of str, optional CRL URLs used for certificates signed by this CA. ocsp_url : str, optional OCSP URL used for certificates signed by this CA. The default is no value, unless :ref:`CA_DEFAULT_HOSTNAME <settings-ca-default-hostname>` is set. password : bytes or str, optional Password to encrypt the private key with. parent_password : bytes or str, optional Password that the private key of the parent CA is encrypted with. elliptic_curve : :py:class:`~cg:cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec.EllipticCurve`, optional An elliptic curve to use for EC keys. This parameter is ignored if ``key_type`` is not ``"EC"``. Defaults to the :ref:`CA_DEFAULT_ELLIPTIC_CURVE <settings-ca-default-elliptic-curve>`. key_type: str, optional The type of private key to generate, must be one of ``"RSA"``, ``"DSA"``, ``"EC"``, or ``"Ed25519"`` , with ``"RSA"`` being the default. key_size : int, optional Integer specifying the key size, must be a power of two (e.g. 2048, 4096, ...). Defaults to the :ref:`CA_DEFAULT_KEY_SIZE <settings-ca-default-key-size>`, unused if ``key_type="EC"`` or ``key_type="Ed25519"``. extensions : list of :py:class:`cg:cryptography.x509.Extension` An optional list of additional extensions to add to the certificate. path : str or pathlib.PurePath, optional Where to store the CA private key (default ``ca``). caa : str, optional CAA identity. Note that this field is not yet currently used. website : str, optional URL to a human-readable website. terms_of_service : str, optional URL to the terms of service for the CA. acme_enabled : bool, optional Set to ``True`` to enable ACME support for this CA. acme_profile : str, optional The profile to use when issuing certificates via ACMEv2. Defaults to the CA_DEFAULT_PROFILE. acme_requires_contact : bool, optional Set to ``False`` if you do not want to force clients to register with an email address. openssh_ca : bool, optional Set to ``True`` if you want to use this to use this CA for signing OpenSSH certs. Raises ------ ValueError For various cases of wrong input data (e.g. ``key_size`` not being the power of two). PermissionError If the private key file cannot be written to disk. """ # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments,too-many-locals,too-many-branches,too-many-statements # NOTE: Already verified by KeySizeAction, so these checks are only for when the Python API is used # directly. generate_private_key() invokes this again, but we here to avoid sending a signal. if key_type == "ECC": # type: ignore[comparison-overlap] # that's a deprecated value warnings.warn( 'key_type="ECC" is deprecated, use key_type="EC" instead.', RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning, stacklevel=2, ) key_type = "EC" if key_type == "EdDSA": # type: ignore[comparison-overlap] # that's a deprecated value warnings.warn( 'key_type="EdDSA" key_type is deprecated, use key_type="Ed25519" instead.', RemovedInDjangoCA126Warning, stacklevel=2, ) key_type = "Ed25519" if isinstance(ca_ocsp_url, str): # pragma: django_ca<1.26.0 ca_ocsp_url = [ca_ocsp_url] if isinstance(ca_issuer_url, str): # pragma: django_ca<1.26.0 ca_issuer_url = [ca_issuer_url] if extensions is None: extensions = [] else: extensions = list(extensions) # cast extensions to list if set (so that we can extend later) # check type of values to provide better errors for extension in extensions: if isinstance(extension, x509.Extension) is False: raise ValueError(f"Cannot add extension of type {type(extension).__name__}") key_size, elliptic_curve = validate_private_key_parameters(key_type, key_size, elliptic_curve) algorithm = validate_public_key_parameters(key_type, algorithm) expires = parse_expires(expires) if openssh_ca and parent: raise ValueError("OpenSSH does not support intermediate authorities") # Append OpenSSH extensions if an OpenSSH CA was requested if openssh_ca: extensions.extend([SshHostCaExtension(), SshUserCaExtension()]) extensions_dict = {ext.oid: ext for ext in extensions} if ExtensionOID.KEY_USAGE not in extensions_dict: extensions_dict[ExtensionOID.KEY_USAGE] = x509.Extension( oid=ExtensionOID.KEY_USAGE, critical=constants.EXTENSION_DEFAULT_CRITICAL[ExtensionOID.KEY_USAGE], value=self.model.DEFAULT_KEY_USAGE, ) if crl_url is None: crl_url = [] serial = x509.random_serial_number() if default_hostname is None: default_hostname = ca_settings.CA_DEFAULT_HOSTNAME if acme_profile is None: acme_profile = ca_settings.CA_DEFAULT_PROFILE elif acme_profile not in ca_settings.CA_PROFILES: raise ValueError(f"{acme_profile}: Profile is not defined.") if parent: signer_serial = parent.pub.loaded.serial_number else: signer_serial = serial context = self._get_formatting_context(serial, signer_serial) # If there is a default hostname, use it to compute some URLs from that if isinstance(default_hostname, str) and default_hostname != "": default_hostname = validate_hostname(default_hostname, allow_port=True) # Set OCSP urls if not ocsp_url: ocsp_path = reverse("django_ca:ocsp-cert-post", kwargs={"serial": context["SERIAL_HEX"]}) ocsp_url = f"http://{default_hostname}{ocsp_path}" if parent and not ca_ocsp_url: # OCSP for CA only makes sense in intermediate CAs ca_ocsp_url = [f"http://{default_hostname}/{context['OCSP_PATH']}"] # Set issuer path if parent and not ca_issuer_url: ca_issuer_url = [f"http://{default_hostname}/{context['CA_ISSUER_PATH']}"] if not issuer_url: issuer_url = f"http://{default_hostname}/{context['CA_ISSUER_PATH']}" # Set CRL URLs if not crl_url: crl_path = reverse("django_ca:crl", kwargs={"serial": context["SERIAL_HEX"]}) crl_url = [f"http://{default_hostname}{crl_path}"] if parent and not ca_crl_url: # CRL for CA only makes sense in intermediate CAs ca_crl_url = [f"http://{default_hostname}/{context['CRL_PATH']}"] # Handle the Authority Information Access extension by adding any manually passed access descriptions self._handle_authority_information_access(extensions_dict, ca_issuer_url, ca_ocsp_url) # Format extension values format_extensions(extensions_dict, context) # Cast extensions_dict back to list, so that signal handler receives the same type as the method # itself. This has the added bonus of signal handlers being able to influence the extension order. extensions = list(extensions_dict.values()) pre_create_ca.send( sender=self.model, name=name, key_size=key_size, key_type=key_type, algorithm=algorithm, expires=expires, parent=parent, subject=subject, pathlen=path_length, issuer_url=issuer_url, issuer_alt_name=issuer_alt_name, crl_url=crl_url, ocsp_url=ocsp_url, ca_issuer_url=ca_issuer_url, ca_crl_url=ca_crl_url, ca_ocsp_url=ca_ocsp_url, permitted_subtrees=permitted_subtrees, excluded_subtrees=excluded_subtrees, password=password, parent_password=parent_password, extensions=extensions, caa=caa, website=website, terms_of_service=terms_of_service, acme_enabled=acme_enabled, acme_profile=acme_profile, acme_requires_contact=acme_requires_contact, ) private_key = generate_private_key(key_size, key_type, elliptic_curve) public_key = private_key.public_key() builder = get_cert_builder(expires, serial=serial) builder = builder.public_key(public_key) builder = builder.subject_name(subject) builder = builder.add_extension( x509.BasicConstraints(ca=True, path_length=path_length), critical=True ) subject_key_id = x509.SubjectKeyIdentifier.from_public_key(public_key) builder = builder.add_extension(subject_key_id, critical=False) if parent is None: builder = builder.issuer_name(subject) private_sign_key = private_key aki = x509.AuthorityKeyIdentifier.from_issuer_public_key(public_key) else: builder = builder.issuer_name(parent.pub.loaded.subject) private_sign_key = parent.key(parent_password) aki = parent.get_authority_key_identifier() builder = builder.add_extension(aki, critical=False) for critical, ext in self.get_common_extensions(ca_crl_url): # Check if the extension was passed directly, in which case we do not add it here. if ext.oid not in extensions_dict: builder = builder.add_extension(ext, critical=critical) if permitted_subtrees is not None or excluded_subtrees is not None: builder = builder.add_extension( x509.NameConstraints(permitted_subtrees, excluded_subtrees), critical=True ) for extra_extension in extensions: builder = builder.add_extension(extra_extension.value, critical=extra_extension.critical) certificate = builder.sign(private_key=private_sign_key, algorithm=algorithm) # Normalize extensions for create() crl_url = "\n".join(crl_url) # Convert arguments for database storage serialized_ian = "" if issuer_alt_name is not None: serialized_ian = ",".join(format_general_name(name) for name in issuer_alt_name.value) ca = self.model( name=name, issuer_url=issuer_url, issuer_alt_name=serialized_ian, ocsp_url=ocsp_url, crl_url=crl_url, parent=parent, caa_identity=caa, website=website, terms_of_service=terms_of_service, acme_enabled=acme_enabled, acme_profile=acme_profile, acme_requires_contact=acme_requires_contact, ) ca.update_certificate(certificate) if password is None: encryption: serialization.KeySerializationEncryption = serialization.NoEncryption() else: if isinstance(password, str): password = password.encode("utf-8") encryption = serialization.BestAvailableEncryption(password) pem = private_key.private_bytes( encoding=Encoding.PEM, format=PrivateFormat.PKCS8, encryption_algorithm=encryption ) # write private key to file safe_serial = ca.serial.replace(":", "") path = path / pathlib.PurePath(f"{safe_serial}.key") ca.private_key_path = ca_storage.save(str(path), ContentFile(pem)) ca.save() post_create_ca.send(sender=self.model, ca=ca) return ca
[docs]class CertificateManager( CertificateManagerMixin["Certificate", "CertificateQuerySet"], CertificateManagerBase ): """Model manager for the Certificate model.""" if typing.TYPE_CHECKING: # See CertificateManagerMixin for description on this branch # # pylint: disable=missing-function-docstring; just defining stubs here def expired(self) -> "CertificateQuerySet": ... def not_yet_valid(self) -> "CertificateQuerySet": ... def revoked(self) -> "CertificateQuerySet": ...
[docs] def create_cert( self, ca: "CertificateAuthority", csr: x509.CertificateSigningRequest, profile: Optional[Profile] = None, autogenerated: Optional[bool] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> "Certificate": """Create and sign a new certificate based on the given profile. Parameters ---------- ca : :py:class:`~django_ca.models.CertificateAuthority` The certificate authority to sign the certificate with. csr : :py:class:`~cg:cryptography.x509.CertificateSigningRequest` The certificate signing request to use when signing a certificate. Passing a ``str`` or ``bytes`` is deprecated and will be removed in django-ca 1.20.0. profile : :py:class:`~django_ca.profiles.Profile`, optional The name of a profile or a manually created :py:class:`~django_ca.profiles.Profile` instance. If not given, the profile configured by :ref:`CA_DEFAULT_PROFILE <settings-ca-default-profile>` is used. autogenerated : bool, optional Override the profiles ``autogenerated`` flag. **kwargs All other keyword arguments are passed to :py:func:`Profiles.create_cert() <django_ca.profiles.Profile.create_cert>`. """ # Get the profile object if none was passed if profile is None: profile = profiles[None] elif not isinstance(profile, Profile): raise TypeError("profile must be of type django_ca.profiles.Profile.") cert = profile.create_cert(ca, csr, **kwargs) obj = self.model(ca=ca, csr=LazyCertificateSigningRequest(csr), profile=profile.name) obj.update_certificate(cert) if autogenerated is None: obj.autogenerated = profile.autogenerated else: obj.autogenerated = autogenerated obj.save() post_issue_cert.send(sender=self.model, cert=obj) return obj
class AcmeAccountManager(AcmeAccountManagerBase): """Model manager for :py:class:`~django_ca.models.AcmeAccount`.""" if typing.TYPE_CHECKING: # See CertificateManagerMixin for description on this branch # # pylint: disable=missing-function-docstring; just defining stubs here def viewable(self) -> "AcmeAccountQuerySet": ... class AcmeOrderManager(AcmeOrderManagerBase): """Model manager for :py:class:`~django_ca.models.AcmeOrder`.""" class AcmeAuthorizationManager(AcmeAuthorizationManagerBase): """Model manager for :py:class:`~django_ca.models.AcmeAuthorization`.""" class AcmeChallengeManager(AcmeChallengeManagerBase): """Model manager for :py:class:`~django_ca.models.AcmeChallenge`.""" class AcmeCertificateManager(AcmeCertificateManagerBase): """Model manager for :py:class:`~django_ca.models.AcmeCertificate`."""